Quick summary
- Gradually acclimate the seedlings to outdoor conditions by placing them in a sheltered spot for a few hours each day, increasing the time over several days.
- Plant them in the holes, ensuring the roots are spread out and the soil level is even with the top of the root ball.
- Store harvested cabbages in a cool, dry place for up to a week, or freeze them for longer storage.
Growing your own cabbage is a rewarding experience, offering a fresh, flavorful, and nutritious addition to your kitchen. While you can find cabbage seedlings at nurseries, starting from seed gives you greater control over the variety and timing of your harvest. This comprehensive guide will walk you through the process of how to grow cabbage from seed, from selecting the right variety to harvesting your own crunchy heads.
Choosing the Right Cabbage Variety
The first step in growing cabbage from seed is selecting a variety that suits your climate and preferences. Consider these factors:
- Season: Choose varieties based on your growing season. Early-maturing varieties like ‘Early Jersey Wakefield’ are ideal for spring planting, while late-maturing varieties like ‘Red Danish’ are better suited for fall planting.
- Head Size: Decide on the desired head size. Smaller varieties like ‘Savoy’ are perfect for salads, while larger varieties like ‘Danish Ballhead’ are ideal for cooking.
- Color: Cabbage comes in a variety of colors, including green, red, and white. Choose the color that best suits your culinary needs.
Starting Cabbage Seeds Indoors
For a head start, it’s recommended to start cabbage seeds indoors 6-8 weeks before the last frost date in your area.
1. Prepare Seed Trays: Fill seed trays with a seed-starting mix.
2. Sow Seeds: Sow one or two seeds per cell, pressing them lightly into the soil.
3. Water Gently: Water the trays thoroughly, ensuring the soil is moist but not soggy.
4. Provide Light: Place the trays in a sunny location, or under grow lights for 14-16 hours daily.
5. Maintain Temperature: Keep the temperature around 70-75°F (21-24°C).
6. Thin Seedlings: Once the seedlings have a few true leaves, thin them out, leaving the strongest seedling in each cell.
Transplanting Cabbage Seedlings Outdoors
Once the seedlings have developed a strong root system and are a few inches tall, it’s time to transplant them outdoors.
1. Prepare the Garden Bed: Choose a sunny location with well-drained soil. Amend the soil with compost or aged manure for optimal growth.
2. Harden Off Seedlings: Gradually acclimate the seedlings to outdoor conditions by placing them in a sheltered spot for a few hours each day, increasing the time over several days.
3. Dig Planting Holes: Space the holes 18-24 inches apart depending on the variety.
4. Transplant Seedlings: Gently remove the seedlings from the trays, taking care not to damage the roots. Plant them in the holes, ensuring the roots are spread out and the soil level is even with the top of the root ball.
5. Water Thoroughly: Water the seedlings well after transplanting.
Caring for Your Cabbage Plants
Once your cabbage plants are in the ground, providing proper care is crucial for successful growth.
1. Watering: Water regularly, especially during dry spells, ensuring the soil remains consistently moist.
2. Fertilizing: Feed your cabbage plants every 2-3 weeks with a balanced fertilizer.
3. Weeding: Keep the garden bed weed-free to prevent competition for nutrients and water.
4. Pest Control: Monitor your plants for pests like cabbage worms, aphids, and slugs. Use organic pest control methods like handpicking, insecticidal soap, or row covers.
5. Disease Prevention: Rotate your cabbage crops annually to prevent soilborne diseases.
Harvesting Your Cabbage
Cabbage is ready for harvest when the heads are firm and dense. To harvest, use a sharp knife to cut the head at the base.
1. Timing: The time to harvest depends on the variety, but most cabbages are ready in 60-90 days after transplanting.
2. Size: Choose heads that are firm and dense, but avoid over-mature heads that may become tough or bitter.
3. Storage: Store harvested cabbages in a cool, dry place for up to a week, or freeze them for longer storage.
The End of the Journey: From Seed to Supper
Growing your own cabbage from seed is a journey that culminates in the satisfaction of enjoying fresh, homegrown produce. By following these steps, you can cultivate healthy, flavorful cabbages that will enhance your culinary creations.
Information You Need to Know
Q: When is the best time to plant cabbage seeds?
A: The best time to plant cabbage seeds depends on your climate. In most areas, it’s best to start them indoors 6-8 weeks before the last frost date.
Q: How do I know if my cabbage seedlings are ready to transplant?
A: Seedlings are ready to transplant when they have a few true leaves and are a few inches tall.
Q: What are some common pests that attack cabbage?
A: Cabbage worms, aphids, and slugs are common pests that can damage cabbage plants.
Q: Can I grow cabbage in containers?
A: Yes, you can grow cabbage in containers, but choose smaller varieties and ensure the container is at least 12 inches deep.
Q: How long does it take for cabbage to grow from seed to harvest?
A: The time it takes for cabbage to grow from seed to harvest varies depending on the variety, but it typically takes around 60-90 days after transplanting.
